صحَّح القرآن الكريم مفهوم التطور من خلال سرد قصة خلق آدم:
The Noble Qur’an has rectified the concept of evolution through narrating the story of Adam's creation.
لم يكن الإنسان شيئًا مذكورا:
Man was not even something mentioned:
"هَلْ أَتَىٰ عَلَى الإنسان حِينٌ مِّنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُن شَيْئًا مَّذْكُورًا" [114]. (الإنسان:1).
{Was there not a period of time when man was not a thing [even] mentioned?} [114] Surat al-Insān:1.
خلْق آدم كان بداية من طين:
The creation of Adam started from clay:
"وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الإنسان مِن سُلَالَةٍ مِّن طِينٍ" [115]. (المؤمنون: 12).
{We created man from an extract of clay.} [115] Surat al-Mu’minūn: 12.
" الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۖ وَبَدَأَ خَلْقَ الإنسان مِن طِينٍ" [116]. (السجدة: 7).
{Who perfected everything He created, and initiated the creation of man from clay.} [116] Surat as-Sajdah: 7.
" إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ"[117]. (أل عمران: 59).
{The similitude of Jesus before Allah is like that of Adam; He created him from dust, then said to him, “Be,” and he was.} [117] Surat Āl ‘Imrān: 59.
تكريم آدم أبو البشر:
Honoring Adam, the father of mankind:
" قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسْجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ ۖ أَسْتَكْبَرْتَ أَمْ كُنتَ مِنَ الْعَالِينَ"[118]. (ص: 75).
{[Allah] said, “O Iblīs, what prevented you from prostrating to whom I created with My two Hands? Did you just become proud or have you always been arrogant?”} [118] Surat Sād: 75.
فتكريم آدم أبو البشر لم يكن فقط أن خُلق مستقلاً من طين، بل أنه خُلق مباشرةً بيديّ رب العالمين، كما هو مشار إليه في الآية الكريمة، وطلبه تعالى من الملائكة السجود لآدم طاعة لله.
Honoring Adam, the father of mankind, was not only by creating him independently from clay, it was also by creating him directly by the Hands of the Lord of the worlds, as mentioned in the noble verse, and by Allah's command to the angels to prostrate before Adam as an act of obedience to Him.
" وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ وَاسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ"[119]. (البقرة: 34).
{And when We said to the angels, “Prostrate before Adam,” and they prostrated except Iblīs; he refused and was arrogant, and was one of the disbelievers.} [119] Surat al-Baqarah: 34.
خلْق ذرية آدم:
The creation of Adam's progeny:
" ثُمَّ جَعَلَ نَسْلَهُ مِن سُلَالَةٍ مِّن مَّاءٍ مَّهِينٍ"[120]. (السجدة: 8).
{Then He made his progeny from the extract of a worthless fluid.} [120] Surat as-Sajdah: 8.
" ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاهُ نُطْفَةً فِي قَرَارٍ مَّكِينٍ (13) ثُمَّ خَلَقْنَا النُّطْفَةَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْعَلَقَةَ مُضْغَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْمُضْغَةَ عِظَامًا فَكَسَوْنَا الْعِظَامَ لَحْمًا ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَاهُ خَلْقًا آخَرَ ۚ فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ"[121]. (المؤمنون 13-14).
{Then We placed him as a sperm-drop in a safe place, then We made the sperm-drop into a clinging clot, then We made the clinging clot into a lump, then We made the lump into bones, and We clothed the bones with flesh, and then We developed it into another creation. So Blessed is Allah, the Best of Creators.} [121] Surat al-Mu’minūn: 13-14.
" وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَبًا وَصِهْرًا ۗ وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيرًا" [122]. (الفرقان 54).
{It is He Who created human beings from water, then made between them bonds of kinship and marriage, for your Lord is Most Capable.} [122] Surat al-Furqān: 54.
تكريم ذرية آدم:
Honoring Adam's progeny:
" وَلَقَدْ كَرَّمْنَا بَنِي آدَمَ وَحَمَلْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَرَزَقْنَاهُم مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَفَضَّلْنَاهُمْ عَلَىٰ كَثِيرٍ مِّمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا تَفْضِيلًا"[123]. (الإسراء: 70).
{We have honored the children of Adam, carried them on land and sea, provided for them good things and favored them above many of those whom We have created.} [123] Surat al-Isrā’: 70.
نلاحظ هنا التشابه في مراحل نشأة نسل آدم (ماء مهين، نُطفة، عَلقة، مُضغة...) ومع ما ورد في نظرية التطور في نشأة الكائنات الحية وطرق تكاثرها.
We observe here the resemblance between the emergence phases of Adam's progeny (worthless fluid, sperm-drop, clot, lump...) and what was stated in the Evolution Theory concerning the emergence of the living beings and how they multiply.
" فَاطِرُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَمِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ أَزْوَاجًا ۖ يَذْرَؤُكُمْ فِيهِ ۚ لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ ۖ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ"[124]. (الشورى: 11).
{the Originator of the heavens and earth. He has given you spouses of your own kind, and pairs of livestock; by which He causes you to multiply. There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.} [124] Surat ash-Shūra: 11.
وأن الله جعل نسل آدم بداية من ماء مَهين للدلالة على وحدة مصدر الخلق ووحدانية الخالق، وأنه مَيَّز آدم عن سائر المخلوقات بخلقه مستقلاً تكريمًا للإنسان ولتحقيق حكمة رب العالمين في جعله خليفة في الأرض. وأن خلْق آدم من غير أب ولا أم هو أيضًا للدلالة على طلاقة القدرة، وضرب مثلاً آخر في خلق عيسى عليه السلام من غير أب لتكون معجزة على طلاقة القدرة وآية للناس.
Allah has made the start of Adam's progeny from worthless fluid to indicate the oneness of the creation source and the oneness of the Creator. He made Adam distinct from all other creatures by creating him independently to honor man and achieve the Creator's wisdom in making him a vicegerent on earth. Creating Adam from no father or mother is, as well, an indication of absolute omnipotence. Allah also set another example by creating Jesus (peace be upon him) from no father to be another miracle of absolute omnipotence and to be a sign for people.
" إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ"[125]. (أل عمران: 59).
{The similitude of Jesus before Allah is like that of Adam; He created him from dust, then said to him, “Be,” and he was.} [125] Surat Āl ‘Imrān: 59.
وأن ما يحاول الكثير إنكاره بنظرية التطور، هو دليل ضدهم.
What many try to deny through the Evolution Theory is, in fact, an evidence against them.